Cytopathological Spectrum of Pleural Fluid Effusion at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi

Cytopathological spectrum spectrum of pleural effusion

  • Syed Mehmood Hasan Sindh Medical College, Jinnah Sindh Medical University
  • Asma Shabbir Sindh Medical College, Jinnah Sindh Medical University
  • Nazish Jaffar Sindh Medical College, Jinnah Sindh Medical University
  • Syed Muhammad Hasan Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences
Keywords: Pleural effusion, inflammatory cells, adenocarcinoma, atypical cells.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the spectrum of pleural fluid effusion for the period of one year received at tertiary care centre of Karachi.

 Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted after ethical approval at Burhani hospital laboratory, Karachi. Data of cytopathologically diagnosed peural fluid effusion was collected from the records available between June 2018 – June 2019. Relevant data pertaining registration number, age, gender of the patients and diagnosis were recorded. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS version 21

Results: Of the total 59 cases received, 44 (74.4%) were males & 12 (25.5%) were females. Age range was between 35 – 70 years with mean value = 55±12.8. From 59 cases, 15 (25.4%) were mixed inflammatory infiltrate, 12 (20.3%) showed chronic inflammatory cells, 08 (13.5%) had predominantly neutrophils, 06 (10%) with atypical cells, 04 (6.7%) presented with adenocarcinoma and 14 (23.7%) were labelled as inadequate/haemorrhagic samples.

Conclusion: Majority of the pleural effusion samples were adequate. Inflammatory lesions were more common in comparison to malignancy.  Adenocarcinoma was the most common neoplastic entity. Pleural fluid cytology is an effective initial diagnostic modality in Pakistani health care setup.

Keywords: Pleural effusion, inflammatory cells, adenocarcinoma, atypical cells.

References

Valdés L, San-José E, Ferreiro L, Golpe A, GonzálezBarcala FJ, Toubes ME, et al. Predicting malignant and

tuberculous pleural effusions through demographics

and pleural fluid analysis of patients. Clin Respir J.

Apr;9(2):203-13. https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.12125

Saifullah N, Baig S, Soomro NH, Rizvi N. Exudative

pleural effusion. The Professional Medical Journal.

Aug 10;23(08):970-4.

Dixit R, Agarwal KC, Gokhroo A, Patil CB, Meena M,

Shah NS, Arora P. Diagnosis and management options

in malignant pleural effusions. Lung India. 2017

Mar;34(2):160. doi: 10.4103/0970-2113.201305.

Biswas B, Sharma SK, Negi RS, Gupta N, Jaswal VM,

Niranjan N. Pleural effusion: Role of pleural fluid

cytology, adenosine deaminase level, and pleural biopsy

in diagnosis. J Cytol. 2016 Jul;33(3):159. doi:

4103/0970-9371.188062.

Assawasaksakul T, Boonsarngsuk V, Incharoen P. A

comparative study of conventional cytology and cell

block method in the diagnosis of pleural effusion. J

Thorac Dis. 2017 Sep;9(9):3161-3167. doi: 10.21037/jtd.

08.52.

Zuberi FF, Zuberi BF, Ali SK, Hussain S, Mumtaz F.

Yield of closed pleural biopsy and cytology in exudative

pleural effusion. Pak J Med Sci. 2016;32(2):356-360.

doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.12669/pjms.322.9613

Gojiya P, Goswami A, Shah S. Cytological Study of

Pleural Effusions and its Utility in Clinical Approach.

Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine. 2017

Sep 1;4(4):A442-445. DOI: 10.21276/APALM.1277

Pervez S, Jabbar AA, Haider G, Qureshi MA, Ashraf

S, Lateef F, et al. Karachi Cancer Registry (KCR):

Consolidated Data of 5-years 2017-2021. J Coll

Physicians Surg Pak. 2023; 33(05):560-565

Shaukat Khanum Cancer registry 2018. [online].

[Accessed Feb, 23, 2020]. Available from:

https://shaukatkhanum.org.pk/wp-content/uploads/

/07/acrr-2018.pdf

Umar M, Iqbal Z, Basit A, Khan MY, Javaid A. Validity

of pleural fluid protein in differentiating tuberculous

from malignant pleural effusion . Pak J Chest Med.

; 24 (3):141-146.

Cytopathology of pleural fluid effusion in Karachi

Obahiagbon I, Udoh MO. Challenges of pleural aspirate

cytology: A 5-year review. Ann Trop Pathol. 2020;11:33-

GordonH. Yu,LaurelJ. Glaser,KarenS. Gustafson; Role

of Ancillary Techniques in Fluid Cytology.Acta

Cytologica. 2020; 64 (1-2): 52- 62.

Tetikkurt C, Yýlmaz N, Tetikkurt S, Gundogdu Þ, Disci

R. The value of exfoliative cell cytology in the diagnosis

of exudative pleural effusions. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis.

Sep 11;88(3). 10-15.

Nautiyal N, Bhardwaj A, Acharya S, Kishore S, Kudesia

S. Diagnostic utility of epithelial membrane antigen

(EMA) and calretinin (CAL) in effusion cytology. J

Clin Diagn Res. 2017 May;11(5):EC36-39. doi:

7860/JCDR/2017/24339.9888

Ali S, Abbas M, Shahzeb. Diagnostic evaluation of

patients presenting with pleural effusion to Mardan

Medical Complex, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Pak J Chest

Med. 2021; 27(4):140-145.

Published
2023-12-31
How to Cite
Hasan, S., Shabbir, A., Jaffar, N., & Hasan, S. (2023). Cytopathological Spectrum of Pleural Fluid Effusion at a Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi. Annals of Jinnah Sindh Medical University, 9(2), 38-41. Retrieved from https://ajsmu.com/index.php/AJSMU/article/view/237
Section
Original Articles